In wheat, plastidial ADP-glucose transporter was also analyzed by reconstituting amyloplast envelope membrane proteins in proteoliposomes. Its apparent affinities for ADP-Glc, and both ADP and AMP were found to be 430 mM and 200 mM, respectively. Enhancing the efflux of ADP-Glc by dilution of the medium with high concentration of ADP and AMP revealed the potentials of these nucleotides as counter exchange substrates. This result was supported by the efflux of the putative ADP by dilution with high concentration of non-labeled ADP-Glc. In agreement with this, efflux study with intact amyloplasts of wheat showed that ADP-glucose transporter protein transports ADP-Glc into the amyloplasts in counter exchange with ADP and AMP. Colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer type in males and the second in females worldwide, and its incidence is increasing even in traditionally low-risk countries such as Spain. Moreover, mortality rates caused by colorectal cancer remain high, being the fourth and third cause of cancer-related mortality in males and females, respectively. On the other hand, pancreatic cancer affects 250 000 individuals worldwide annually. Although its incidence rates are not very high, it is one of the most lethal tumors, representing the five and fourth cause of cancer-related mortality in males and females, respectively, in developed countries. Therefore, new complementary therapeutic approaches, ideally cost-effective and non-toxic, are needed to improve efficacy and quality of life of patients with these cancer types. Rosemary and many of its components were reported to possess chemopreventive properties in skin and breast cancers in vivo, mostly by inhibiting 7,12dimethylbenzanthracene -DNA adduct formation. Moreover, they exert antioxidant activity both in vitro and in vivo, thus inhibiting genotoxicity, which is a significant contributory cause of cancer, and protecting from carcinogens or toxic agents. They also were reported to display antiproliferative activity in vitro against breast, leukemia, hepatoma, colon, lung, prostate, ovarian, and urinary bladder cancer cells. However, the effect of rosemary on pancreatic carcinoma cells has not been reported to date. Regarding the tumor progression in vivo, the effect of rosemary extract in combination with an analogue of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was assessed in a syngeneic mouse leukemia tumor model, and showed a strong cooperative antitumor effect. Several rosemary components, such as carnosic acid, carnosol, ursolic acid, as well as some of its essential oil constituents, have been proposed to be responsible for the anticancer effects of rosemary extracts. Although the concentration ratios of carnosol and carnosic acid were reported to influence the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, the possible synergism of the rosemary components regarding the antitumor activity of rosemary extracts has not been reported yet.