These targets expression levels in normal mucosa, colitis and colorectal cancer tissues are not clear, and their biological functions in cancer, are not clear and under investigation. Moreover, it is worthy to point out that tumor formation and progression are controlled by a complex not by a single element, thus, studying on multiple miRNAs and multiple targets, especially on common targets of multiple miRNAs, instead of studying on a single target or single miRNA, are more important, to reveal the causes of cancers and the molecular mechanisms. Taken above, we have characterized a colitis-associated colorectal cancer model, and revealed the underlying mechanisms that aberrant expressed miRNAs targets cytokines and downstream genes to facilitate colitis malignant transformation. This is the first to reveal the importance of aberrant expression of miRNAs in dynamically transformation from chronic colitis to colitis-associated cancer. These findings shed light on revealing the mechanisms of chronic colitis malignant transformation. Ectopic growth of endometrial stromal and glandular tissue outside of the uterine cavity occurs in approximately 10% of all reproductive age women, frequently causing pain, dysmenorrhea and infertility. The disease is thought to develop via retrograde release of viable endometrial tissue into the peritoneal cavity during menstruation. However, this process occurs in most unaffected women, and it is therefore postulated that additional factors contribute to the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Considerable attention has focused on alterations in eutopic endometrial tissue that may predispose it to extrauterine implantation, survival and proliferation. Recently, microRNAs have been implicated in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. miRNAs are a class of small non-coding regulatory RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally and are proposed to be involved in diverse developmental and pathological processes. miRNAs have been implicated to play a vital role in development, differentiation, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Not surprising, mis-expression of miRNAs have been detected in disease states including cardiovascular pathologies, neural disorders and various cancers. miRNA profiles have been established for endometriosis in both the disease tissue and eutopic endometrium from these as well as control patients without endometriosis. These investigators have demonstrated that specific miRNAs are both up- and down-regulated in endometriotic tissue as well as in the eutopic endometrium of women with the disease. In the initial report by Pan and colleagues, miR-451 expression was shown to be one of the most significantly reduced miRNAs in eutopic endometrium from women with endometriosis as well as in endometriotic implants from these women compared to women free of the disease.