Hopefully, studies conducted by us will lead to the development of further diagnostic assays allowing for a more accurate prediction of cancer treatment outcomes. There are only a few studies available on the effect of dietary habits on the risk of Albaspidin-AA common pediatric infections in developed countries. Dietary habits, especially concerning increased consumption of sucrose, have been linked with dental caries, the consumption of berry juices has been associated with a decreased risk of urinary tract infections in children and women, and regular use of xylitol reduces the risk of otitis media in children. In adults, poor glycemic control has been associated with an increased risk of pneumococcal pneumonia among patients with diabetes, while among non-diabetic patients hyperglycemia at the time of a pneumococcal pneumonia episode is associated with increased severity and mortality. Pharyngeal bacteria are exposed to different sugar conditions depending on the diet of the child. Our hypothesis was that the diet of children, including features such as a high intake of sucrose, might affect the colonization by common otopathogens and could thus increase the risk of AOM. We therefore designed a cross-sectional study among day-care children in order to find possible associations between pneumococcal carriage and diet. In addition, we recorded the AOM history of each child together with known risk Ginsenoside-Ro factors for AOM. We found that the children’s diet did show an association with pneumococcal carriage and the occurrence of otitis media. Known modifiable risk factors for AOM are few in number. The risk has been reported to be increased by maternal smoking and by the use of a pacifier, and the evidence for a protective effect of breastfeeding is convincing. All the present children were attending day care, which is in itself a well-documented risk factor for AOM. Our results suggest that diet could be one modifiable risk factor when seeking to reduce AOM morbidity. The dietary factors studied here also showed a marked association with the risk of dental caries. The association between diet, especially sucrose intake, and dental caries is well documented. The fact that our result in this respect is in accordance with previous findings, supports the validity of our factorial analysis. The virulence of both S. pneumoniae and S. mutans, the main pathogen responsible for dental caries, is affected by environmental sugar conditions, as the oral streptococci are adapted to utilizing the rapidly fluctuating supplies of sugar in the oral cavity. Both dental caries and AOM have been shown to diminish if a non-utilizable sugar alcohol, xylitol, is consumed regularly in the diet. Our results show that an increased intake of fruit and berries could be protective against AOM. The consumption of fruit and berries is generally linked with cardiovascular health and a decreased risk of cancer, while the prevention of urinary tract infections by the regular consumption of berry products has been attributed to certain specific flavonoids which are potent inhibitors of the adhesion of coliform bacteria to human cells.