Similarly, some gene products are orthologous to the characterized SPs such as PEP1, PEP2, and PEP5 from Nectria haematococca, MSP1 and AVR-Pita from M. oryzae that contribute to the fungal pathogenicity to pea or rice, indicating that these SPs encoded by Foc may be related to the virulence to banana. In airborne fungal pathogens, a number of secreted hydrophobins have pleiotropic functions including attachment of spores to hydrophobic surfaces, involvement in surface interactions during infection-related development, and preventing immune recognition. Although none of hydrophobins in Fo have been characterized, we identified several class II hydrophobins in Foc, one of which is evolutionary related to the hydrophobin MHP1 that is essential for fungal development and plant infection by M. grisea. Interestingly, relative to that at Lubiprostone vegetative growth stage, this hydrophobin gene was dramatically induced in Foc4 at 48 h post inoculation to ��Brazil�� banana. Conversely, it was suppressed in Foc1, indicating it may be specifically involved surface interactions between Foc4 and banana. Recent researches on Fol, the causal agent of Fusarium wilt of tomato, have elucidated the roles of some SPs in pathogenicity in the Fol-tomato Folinic acid calcium salt pentahydrate pathosystem. The SIX proteins SIX1, SIX3 and SIX4 function as either Avr protein involved in the incompatible interaction or virulence factors implicated in the compatible interactions between tomato and Fol. We searched across the Foc1 and Foc4 assemblies to identify the orthologs of these SIX-coding genes. Our analysis revealed that three orthologs of SIX1 interspersed in Foc4 genome, while only one copy of SIX1 existed in Foc1. Besides, Foc4 has one copy of SIX2, SIX6 and SIX8, whereas Foc1 merely has one copy of SIX6. This differentiates from the previous study on SIX genes using hybridization analysis and PCR, which reported one copy of SIX1, SIX7 and SIX8 in another race 4 isolate of Foc. Since we have manually checked the sequencing depth and synteny relationship nearby these regions, we excluded the possibility of assembly errors and assumed that the difference is probably due to strain variations and some other unknown reasons.