This effect may be mediated by changes in NF-kB activity caused by variable expression of TNFAIP3. Our finding could be of value in evaluation of the risk of developing SIRS in AP patients, and could eventually lead to individualized targeted treatment in AP patients, based on genetic background. It has been repeatedly confirmed by studies in the past 3 to 4 decades that 20 to 80% of patients undergoing surgery suffer from inadequately treated pain and pain is classified as a serious public health problem both in the developed and in developing countries. Despite this longstanding recognition of postoperative pain as a serious public health problem, and the increased knowledge and resources for treating pain, poorly controlled pain continues to pose a significant challenge to the Etanercept management of patients in postoperative contexts. In Africa, the issue of pain has been explored largely in relation to HIV/AIDS and cancer, even though pain from surgical procedures poses a far greater burden. A Human Rights Watch��s report showed that only 10% of these group patients are able to receive optimal pain management. Even though various workshops and African Union summits adopted pain relief as basic human right, shortage of clinicians, stringent legal towards morphine access, and lack of knowledge left millions of people to suffer because of inadequate pain control. Ethiopia has almost nil morphine per capita which is on indicator of the equality of pain management. In Ethiopia, a study conducted by the Ethiopian Public Health Association in 2005 showed that health care providers believes that pain was undertreated due to unstandardized practice, absence of ML351 medications and poor knowledge and attitude among professionals. The output of the survey was a step forward for the development of the 2007 National Pain Management Guideline. The authors couldn��t find any study to demonstrate the quality of postoperative pain management at the level of patients. The present study was conducted to assess the quality of postoperative pain management in the surgical wards of Jimma University Specialized Hospital by examining the incidence, intensity and interference of pain.