Strategies for treating H. pylori infection and risks of gastroduodenal disease. Dopamine agonist therapy and sometimes even levodopa therapy for Parkinson’s disease may be associated with hypersexuality, pathological gambling, compulsive eating, compulsive shopping, and other ICDs. In PD patients dopamine replacement therapy may also result in a pathological overusage of levodopa and this condition has been termed the dopamine dysregulation syndrome. The effects of STN and/or GPi deep brain stimulation on these issues remains largely unknown, however many groups have argued that DBS, particularly in the STN, may be beneficial for these syndromes by simply facilitating dopamine agonist and levodopa reduction. Most patients undergoing DBS are selected based on the potential for improvement of motor symptoms as well as for potential improvement in on-off medication fluctuations. Optimal DBS candidates usually have excellent on-off dopaminergic responses documented by a dopamine challenge test. Patients with earlier onset PD have been observed to Taltirelin experience more severe motor fluctuations and to have a higher propensity to develop ICDs and DDS. These patients are more likely to be included in DBS cohorts. The existing literature is undecided as to the optimal approach to treating patients with these debilitating behavioral disorders. We retrospectively reviewed our comprehensive patient database to report our experience with ICD and DDS and to specifically examine the effect of DBS on these disorders. Neurological, neurosurgical, neuropsychological, and psychiatric evaluations of each patient by an interdisciplinary DBS surgical board were carefully reviewed for ICD and DDS diagnostic criteria. The Folic acid current investigation examined the effects of unilateral and bilateral DBS as well as lead placement on ICD/ DDS group classification and change in dopaminergic medication usage for patients with idiopathic PD. The patient population was also studied to determine whether DBS might unmask these behavioral syndromes. An Institutional Review Board approved retrospective chart review was performed on 159 patients who underwent unilateral or bilateral DBS surgery at the University of Florida Center for Movement Disorders & Neurorestoration between January 2002 and January 2010. All patients operated at the University of Florida underwent a complete in person evaluation with a neuropsychologist, a psychiatrist, a neurologist, and a neurosurgeon as part of the DBS screening process. The medical records from the screening process were reviewed as well as the records from the pre-operative interdisciplinary discussion and all post-operative follow-up visits. Pre-operative and Post-operative Participant Classification – A detailed record review was utilized to identify any pre or postoperative ICD or DDS. The diagnostic criteria used for DDS and specific ICDs are detailed in Table 1. DDS was defined according to Giovannoni’s criteria.